Elbow Replacement Surgery is a surgical procedure used by surgeons to relieve pain and restore motion to the impaired elbow. During this surgery, your doctor will replace your elbow joint with an artificial joint. Elbow replacement surgery does not necessarily involve the entire elbow. Some people replace only part of the joint, such as the radial head. Elbow Replacement Surgery improves the quality of life for many people. This relieves pain and allows you to resume the activity you enjoy.